The Thread network protocol is an IPv6-based low-power wireless Mesh network protocol for communication between IoT devices. It uses IEEE 802.15.4 wireless network technology, ZIGBEE Module which is easy to install, has high security, supports low power consumption and network self-organization, and can provide reliable, secure and scalable communication connections for IoT devices.
Thread network protocol stack (1) IEEE 802.15.4: Mesh network based on IEEE-802.15.4, realize wireless physical layer and MAC layer protocol. (2) IPv6: implement the network layer protocol, support IPv6 address allocation and routing selection. (3) 6LoWPAN: It can realize the compression and decompression of IPv6 data packets, so that it can adapt to the wireless network environment with low bandwidth and low power consumption. (4) Application: implement the application layer protocol, support resource discovery, data transmission and control between devices. Thread network structure The Thread network includes different node devices such as terminals or routers, routers, leaders, border routers, etc., and realizes multiple functional “roles”.
The first device in the network is the network building device. When the original Leader fails, another Router in the network can be upgraded to be a Leader instead. Router Eligible End Device (REED): The type of device that has just entered the network through a Router is REED; when there are enough interconnection channels in the network,CAN Module the original Router can be downgraded to REED by the Leader. Active Router Eligible: When the number of Routers in the network is less than 16, the interconnectivity within the network may be damaged. At this time, REED can request the Leader to become a Router. Border Router: The bridge between Thread and non-Thread IP networks, there is at least one interface other than IEEE 802.15.4; there can be multiple Border Routers in the same Thread network. Thread network can still work without Border Router. Thread protocol features Thread protocol is designed to provide reliable, secure, and scalable communication connections for IoT devices, and to provide general solutions for different types of IoT devices. It has great advantages in low power consumption, security, scalability, etc., and is widely used in smart home, smart city, smart industry and other fields. (1) Low power consumption: The Thread protocol uses low-power wireless network technology, which can provide long-term running time for IoT devices and extend the service life and maintenance cycle of low-power devices. In the Thread network, battery-powered devices can run for years. (2) Security: Security plays an important role in the field of data transmission. The Thread protocol supports encryption and authentication mechanisms, which can ensure the security and reliability of communication. (3) Self-organization: The Thread protocol also has the feature of network self-organization, which can automatically organize and manage the network topology, greatly reducing the time cost of manual management. (4) Scalable: It supports a variety of device types and application scenarios, and is easy to set up through a local connection, and can provide communication services for different IoT devices. Thread has good compatibility, as long as the device supports the 802.15.4 protocol, it can be upgraded to support Thread.